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CentOS 8 如何升级为 CentOS Stream

2022-06-23 /

CentOS 8 如何升级为 CentOS Stream

CentOS 8 2020 底已停止维护，已在生产上运行的系统何去何从？

可能有很多像我当时一样误解，以为只能转 Debein、Ubuntu、Oracle Linux 了？这也太麻烦了。不用担心，官方也曾澄清，CentOS 8停更并不意味着这个系列就没有了，而是升级到更好的 Stream 滚动版本，以后 Stream 作为长期主干上游来发布，因此本文将介绍如何将 CentOS 8 （数字版本）直接升级到 CentOS Stream（滚动版本）。

1. 开启 CentOS Stream 仓库

查看是否有centos-release-stream仓库

dnf search centos-release-stream
Last metadata expiration check: 122 days, 22:31:50 ago on Thu 22 Oct 2020 04:55:01 PM CST.
=================== Name Exactly Matched: centos-release-stream ===================
centos-release-stream.x86_64 : CentOS-Stream release file

2. 安装 centos-release-stream 仓库

dnf install -y centos-release-stream

CentOS-8 - AppStream                                91 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - AppStream                                29 MB/s | 6.3 MB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - Base                                     51 kB/s | 3.9 kB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - Base                                     11 MB/s | 2.3 MB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - Extras                                   26 kB/s | 1.5 kB     00:00    
CentOS-8 - Extras                                   57 kB/s | 8.6 kB     00:00    
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64      78 kB/s | 4.7 kB     00:00    
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64      35 MB/s | 8.9 MB     00:00    
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================
 Package                    Arch        Version                  Repository   Size
===================================================================================
Installing:
 centos-release-stream      x86_64      8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8       extras       11 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 11 k
Installed size: 6.6 k
Downloading Packages:
centos-release-stream-8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8.x86_64.rp  69 kB/s |  11 kB     00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                               69 kB/s |  11 kB     00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                           1/1 
  Installing       : centos-release-stream-8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8.x86_64           1/1 
  Verifying        : centos-release-stream-8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8.x86_64           1/1 

Installed:
  centos-release-stream-8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8.x86_64

Complete!
  • 查看所有的仓库
dnf repolist

repo id                    repo name
AppStream                  CentOS-8 - AppStream
BaseOS                     CentOS-8 - Base
Stream-AppStream           CentOS-Stream - AppStream
Stream-BaseOS              CentOS-Stream - Base
Stream-extras              CentOS-Stream - Extras
epel                       Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64
extras                     CentOS-8 - Extras

3. 设置 CentOS Stream 仓库为默认

使用 dnf 的 swap 选项移除 centos-linux-repos，并安装新的 centos-stream-repos

dnf swap centos-linux-repos centos-stream-repos
CentOS-Stream - AppStream                          3.8 MB/s | 6.6 MB     00:01    
CentOS-Stream - Base                               2.0 MB/s | 2.3 MB     00:01    
CentOS-Stream - Extras                              13 kB/s | 8.9 kB     00:00    
No match for argument: centos-linux-repos
No packages marked for removal.
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================
 Package                    Arch        Version           Repository          Size
===================================================================================
Installing:
 centos-stream-release      noarch      8.4-1.el8         Stream-BaseOS       21 k
     replacing  centos-release.x86_64 8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8
     replacing  centos-release-stream.x86_64 8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8
     replacing  centos-repos.x86_64 8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8
 centos-stream-repos        noarch      8-2.el8           Stream-BaseOS       19 k
Upgrading:
 centos-gpg-keys            noarch      1:8-2.el8         BaseOS              12 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================
Install  2 Packages
Upgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 52 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): centos-gpg-keys-8-2.el8.noarch.rpm          116 kB/s |  12 kB     00:00    
(2/3): centos-stream-release-8.4-1.el8.noarch.rpm  164 kB/s |  21 kB     00:00    
(3/3): centos-stream-repos-8-2.el8.noarch.rpm      138 kB/s |  19 kB     00:00    
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                               78 kB/s |  52 kB     00:00 
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                           1/1 
  Running scriptlet: centos-gpg-keys-1:8-2.el8.noarch                          1/1 
  Upgrading        : centos-gpg-keys-1:8-2.el8.noarch                          1/7 
  Installing       : centos-stream-repos-8-2.el8.noarch                        2/7 
  Installing       : centos-stream-release-8.4-1.el8.noarch                    3/7 
  Obsoleting       : centos-release-stream-8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8.x86_64           4/7 
  Obsoleting       : centos-release-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.x86_64                  5/7 
  Obsoleting       : centos-repos-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.x86_64                    6/7 
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-fasttrack.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-fasttrack.repo.rpmsave
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-centosplus.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-centosplus.repo.rpmsave
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-PowerTools.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-PowerTools.repo.rpmsave
warning: file /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-HA.repo: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Extras.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Extras.repo.rpmsave
warning: file /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Devel.repo: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-CR.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-CR.repo.rpmsave
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.rpmsave
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-AppStream.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-AppStream.repo.rpmsave

  Cleanup          : centos-gpg-keys-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.noarch                 7/7 
  Running scriptlet: centos-gpg-keys-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.noarch                 7/7 
  Verifying        : centos-stream-release-8.4-1.el8.noarch                    1/7 
  Verifying        : centos-release-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.x86_64                  2/7 
  Verifying        : centos-release-stream-8.1-1.1911.0.7.el8.x86_64           3/7 
  Verifying        : centos-repos-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.x86_64                    4/7 
  Verifying        : centos-stream-repos-8-2.el8.noarch                        5/7 
  Verifying        : centos-gpg-keys-1:8-2.el8.noarch                          6/7 
  Verifying        : centos-gpg-keys-8.2-2.2004.0.1.el8.noarch                 7/7 

Upgraded:
  centos-gpg-keys-1:8-2.el8.noarch                                                 

Installed:
  centos-stream-release-8.4-1.el8.noarch     centos-stream-repos-8-2.el8.noarch

4. 将已安装的软件同步到最新的可用版

dnf distro-sync

CentOS Stream 8 - AppStream                        7.3 MB/s | 6.6 MB     00:00    
CentOS Stream 8 - BaseOS                           2.4 MB/s | 2.3 MB     00:00    
CentOS Stream 8 - Extras                            14 kB/s | 8.9 kB     00:00    
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================
 Package                    Arch   Version                         Repo       Size
===================================================================================
Installing:
 kernel                     x86_64 4.18.0-277.el8                  baseos    5.5 M
 kernel-core                x86_64 4.18.0-277.el8                  baseos     35 M
 kernel-devel               x86_64 4.18.0-277.el8                  baseos     18 M
 kernel-modules             x86_64 4.18.0-277.el8                  baseos     28 M
Upgrading:
 NetworkManager             x86_64 1:1.30.0-0.10.el8               baseos    2.6 M
 NetworkManager-tui         x86_64 1:1.30.0-0.10.el8               baseos    326 k
 PackageKit                 x86_64 1.1.12-6.el8                    appstream 599 k
 PackageKit-glib            x86_64 1.1.12-6.el8                    appstream 140 k
...
... 此处省略十万字
...
Installed:
  crypto-policies-scripts-20200713-1.git51d1222.el8.noarch             dejavu-fonts-common-2.35-7.el8.noarch                                dejavu-sans-mono-fonts-2.35-7.el8.noarch       
  fstrm-0.6.0-3.el8.1.x86_64                                           kernel-4.18.0-277.el8.x86_64                                         kernel-core-4.18.0-277.el8.x86_64              
  kernel-devel-4.18.0-277.el8.x86_64                                   kernel-modules-4.18.0-277.el8.x86_64                     ...

Complete!

5. 验证系统当前是否为 Centos Stream

cat /etc/*release
CentOS Stream release 8
NAME="CentOS Stream"
VERSION="8"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="8"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Stream 8"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:8"
HOME_URL="https://centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="CentOS Stream"
CentOS Stream release 8
CentOS Stream release 8

6. FAQ

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